Although battery cells are claimed to operate within a temperature range of -20°C to 60°C, in practice, to ensure the safe, reliable, high-performance, and long-term operation of the energy storage system, the working temperature of the battery system needs to be controlled between 15°C and 35°C.
The importance of thermal management (temperature control systems) is self-evident, especially as battery cell capacities continue to increase (from 280Ah to 300Ah+). To better control the operating temperature of batteries and the temperature differences between them, the thermal management systems of energy storage systems have been evolving.
The thermal management methods for energy storage include the following:
1. Air Cooling Solution
Industrial air conditioners and fans are used for heat dissipation. Through the coordinated action of compressors and refrigerants, the temperature inside the energy storage container can be effectively controlled.
2.Liquid Cooling Solution
The liquid cooling thermal management system consists of liquid cooling plates, liquid cooling units, liquid cooling pipelines, high and low-voltage wiring harnesses, and coolant. The coolant is typically a glycol-water solution. The liquid cooling system follows specific thermal management strategies to ensure that the coolant flows through the liquid cooling plates, cooling or heating the battery packs as needed.
3.Full Immersion Liquid Cooling Solution
This method uses thermally conductive, non-flammable liquid to replace air cooling. The coolant completely submerges the battery pack, directly contacting and flowing over the surface of the cells. During this process, the coolant carries away the heat from the batteries, and the temperature control system dissipates the heat into the air, achieving precise temperature control within ±2°C.
In addition, there are other thermal management methods such as heat pipes and phase-change materials, but these are relatively less mature.
Summary
Air cooling and liquid cooling are two common heat dissipation methods for energy storage systems. When selecting a cooling method, factors such as the actual capacity (power) of the equipment, installation space, and heat dissipation requirements must be considered to ensure a rational design.
Post time: Jun-13-2025